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Issues in Psychoanalysis and Psychology: Annotated Collected Papers

by Louis S. Berger

420 pages; quality trade paperback (softcover); catalogue #02-0161; ISBN 1-55369-348-5; US$32.50, C$42.00, EUR27.30, £19.00

Issues in Psychoanalysis and Psychology: Annotated Collected Papers is a collection of 34 papers, reprints of papers originally published in journals or read at conferences, 1978-2002. The topics include philosophy (epistemology, ontology, Aristotelian praxis) of psychoanalysis, psychotherapy, general and cultural psychology. In four parts: 1) Frameworks 2) Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy 3) Society and Culture 4) General; with a newly-written preface, introductions to the parts, and introductory chapter comments.

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about the book      about the author      excerpts      catalogue info

About the Book The thirty-four journal articles, book reviews and conference papers collected in this volume were written over the same period of time as the author's three clinical monographs (Psychoanalytic theory and clinical relevance [Analytic Press, 1985], Substance abuse as symptom [Analytic Press, 1991], and Psychotherapy as praxis [Trafford, 2002]). While the books provide broad critiques of clinical, societal and philosophical issues in psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, and general psychology, the papers enlarge on specific subtopics, including some not addressed in the monographs. The chapters in the present work are grouped into four subject areas: Part I-conceptual frameworks; Part II-psychotherapy and psychoanalysis; Part III-society and culture; and Part IV-general psychology. Individual topics explored under these rubrics span a wide, diverse spectrum including neonatal models, personality theory, psychoanalytic defense analysis, the false memory syndrome, physical reductionism in psychiatry, ontology of language, mental health policies in the work place, psychological testing in forensic settings, national drug policy, and conflict resolution. These more narrowly focused papers collectively complement and further illuminate the general critiques presented in the author's previous books. Most of the separate Parts and individual Chapters are preceded by new Introductions which were written specifically for this collection.

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About the Author Louis S. Berger's rich professional life spans the fields of clinical psychology (Ph.D.), engineering (B.S.E.E.), physics (M.S.), and music (M.M.). Formerly he has been on the faculty of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, the Staff Psychologist at Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, and consultant to various mental health and forensic organizations. He also has an extensive research background in applied physics and biomedicine, and for a decade was a cellist with the Boston Symphony. Dr. Berger is the author of Substance abuse as symptom: A psychoanalytic critique of treatment approaches and the cultural beliefs that sustain them (The Analytic Press, 1991), Psychoanalytic theory and clinical relevance: What makes a theory consequential for practice? (The Analytic Press, 1985), Introductory statistics: A new approach for the behavioral sciences (International Universities Press, 1981), and numerous journal papers and book reviews. Currently he is in private clinical practice in San Antonio, Texas. Also by Louis S. Berger: Psychotherapy as Praxis: Abandoning Misapplied Science

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Excerpts

PREFACE

As I was preparing this volume, gathering, recovering, organizing, and reviewing materials which I had not read for years (some, for decades), I became acutely aware of a common feature which previously had been out of focus: The rock-bottom foundation of just about all of these papers is the problematic polarization or bifurcation of ourselves and our world into the duality variously identified as knowl-edge versus wisdom (Critchley), rationality versus reasonableness (Toulmin), scientism versus the natural attitude (Olafson), technological versus meditative thinking (Heidegger), the scientific versus the corporeal world (W. Smith), Naturwissenschaft versus Geisteswissenschaft, or positivism versus existentialism.
    It is on this dualistic bedrock that the constellation of interrelated core issues reflected in the works collected here, rests. This cluster comprises such matters as the Cartesian bifurcation into inner/outer, me/not me, object world/representational world; the division of the attributes of objects into primary and secondary; the relationship (or non-relationship) between psychotherapy theory and practice; the utterly paradoxical nature of language; or, the baffling problematic of perception. In turn, this substratum of issues grounds my central concern - namely, what it takes to do excellent psychotherapy.
    Another realization which previously had been myopic now also came into sharper focus - that my own life reflected both the basic bifurcation and attempts to resolve it. On a professional level, that situation is reflected in my complex history. My undergraduate work was in engineering, but on graduation I immediately launched into a career as a professional musician. (One of the many ironies is that my technological colleagues tended to see me as too "humanistic," while my musician peers tended to see me as too "scientific.") After some years I realized that all along, my true interest had been psychotherapy - specifically, psychoanalysis - and I ultimately returned to graduate school (by way of a long detour, doing graduate work and research in applied physics and bioengineering) to complete my basic training in psychology.
    Already in my dissertation I questioned the adequacy of "normal theorizing" (see Chapter 1) in psychology and psychotherapy, and offered an extended critique of its limitations. My quest as a psychotherapist, then, has been for a way to reconcile the science-humanism polarity without imposing some facile pseudo-solution, some easy, reasonable, apparently unifying "holistic integration" of the two positions. The papers that follow and my three monographs (1985, 1991, 2002) all revolve about this axis of concern.
    A word about organization. The work is divided into four parts (Frameworks; Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy; Society and Culture; and, General Psychology), but many of the papers placed in one of these bins could just as easily have been located in another. The various underlying concerns mentioned above which power my work are unruly; they refuse to stay confined within single categories. The first three parts each have a general introduction; the last, brief part did not seem to require one. Many of the individual chapters are introduced by comments before the main material - the reprint (or, in some cases, an abstract) of an item in the numbered list below - is presented. (Bold numbers in brackets used throughout this book refer to these listed works.)

PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS

1974
1. The logic of observation in psychotherapy research [Unpublished dissertation]. Knoxville: University of Tennessee.

1978
2. Innate constraints of formal theories. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, 1, 89-117.

1979
3. (Fall). Expert clinical testimony and professional ethics. Journal of Psychiatry and Law, pp. 347-357.

1981
4. Introductory Statistics: A new approach for the behavioral sciences. New York: International Universities Press.

1985
5. Psychoanalytic theory and clinical relevance: What makes a theory consequential for practice? Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.
6. (June, August, September, October). Notes on depth psychology and peace. Louisville, KY: Council for Peacemaking and Religion Newsletter.

1986
7. The heritability of religious and political affiliation: A preliminary report. Journal of Irreproducible Results, 32(2), 4.

1991
8. Substance abuse as symptom: A psychoanalytic critique of treatment approaches and the cultural beliefs that sustain them. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.
9. [Letter to the Editor, New England Journal of Medicine]. (Published in [15], pp. 259-260.)
10. True believers and the medical model. In A. S. Trebach and K.B. Zeese (Editors), New frontiers in drug policy, pp. 239-241. Washington, DC: Drug Policy Foundation.

1992
11. Managing mental health benefits. Compensation & Benefits Management, 8(4), 1-8.
12. Matching patients with therapists. Employee Assistance, 4(7), 11-13.
13. The medicalization of mental health services. Medical Interface, 5(3), 14- 16.
14. Reply from the author. Medical Interface, 5(7), 82-83.
15. Treatment: Seriously flawed? In A. S. Trebach & K. B. Zeese (Eds.), Strategies for change: New directions in drug policy (pp. 258-262). Washington, DC: Drug Policy Foundation Press.
16. Unconscious dynamics and drug policy: A neglected dimension. In Drugs, medicine and health: A practical manual for medical and scientific professionals (pp. 11.1-11.16). Washington, DC: Drug Policy Foundation Press.

1993
17. The role of a directed referral system in a drug-free workplace program [presented paper] Drug-free Workplace Conference, Washington, D.C.
18. [Review of The Jessica Benjamin's book, The Bonds of Love]. Psychoanalytic Books, 4, 220-236.
19. [Review of Adolph Grünbaum's book, Validation in the Clinical Theory of Psychoanalysis]. Psychoanalytic Books, 4, 462-470.

1994
20.Reply to Grünbaum. Psychoanalytic Books, 5,167.
21. [Review of B. Barratt's book, Psychoanalysis and the Postmodern Impulse]. Psychoanalytic Books, 5, 185-192.
22. [Review of C. Ratner's book, Psychohistorical Psychology and Its Contemporary Applications]. Psychoanalytic Books, 5, 45-52.
23. Can psychological assessment be too scientific? The rigorous DSM and the 'invalid' Rorschach Test as examples. Presented May 12 at The 10th Annual Symposium in Forensic Psychology, Montreal, Canada.
24. Heidegger's past and possible future contributions to psychiatry. Presented May 22 at The Sixth Annual Meeting, Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA.
25. Reply to Friedlander. Psychoanalytic Books, 5, 641-643.

1995
26. Grünbaum's questionable interpretations of inanimate systems: "History" and "context" in physics. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 12, 439-449.
27. [Review of S. Akhtar's book, Broken Structures]. Psychoanalytic Books, 6, 260-266.
28. [Reviews of M. Henry's The genealogy of psychoanalysis, and P. Johnston's Wittgenstein: Rethinking the inner]. Psychoanalytic Books, 6, 3-551.
29. The characteristics and limits of formal representation: Faulconer and Williams's "Temporality in Human Action" revisited. Studies in Psychoanalytic Theory, 4(2), 48-57.
30. [Review of J.E. Faulconer and R.N. Williams (Editors), Reconsidering psychology: Perspectives from continental philosophy.] Newsletter of the Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry, 3(1), 6-7.
31. A third psychoanalytic position and its views on narrative and truth: A contribution to the 'false memory' syndrome debate. Presented May 21 at The Seventh Annual Meeting, Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry, Miami Beach, Florida.

1996
32. Toward a non-cartesian psychotherapeutic framework: Radical pragmatism as an alternative. Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, 3, 169-184.
33. Psychoanalytic neonate models and noncartesian frameworks. Psychoanalytic Review, 33, 49-65.
34. [Review of Paul Gray's book, The ego and analysis of defense.] Psychoanalytic Books, 7, 155-161.
35. An alternative to the theory/practice polarization. Presented March 1, at the First International Conference on Philosophy and Mental Health, Benalmadena, Spain.
36. Cultural psychopathology and the "false memory syndrome" debates: : A view from psychoanalysis. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 50, 167- 177.

1997
37. [Review of P. Cushman's book, Constructing the self, constructing America.] Psychoanalytic Books, 8, 99-106.
38. [Review of Kohut's Chicago Institute Lectures (P. Tolpin & M. Tolpin, Eds.).] Psychoanalytic Books, 8, 294-296.
39. [Review of M. Robbins's book, Conceiving of personality.] Psychoanalytic Books, 8, 430-435.
40. What would the end of psychology mean for psychoanalysis? Presented January 21 at "A scientific evening" sponsored by The Psychoanalytic Review and Psychoanalytic Books, New York, January 21.
41. Reply to Daily. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 51, 139-140.

1998
42. [Review of D. Stern's book, Unformulated experience: From dissociation to imagination in psychoanalysis.] Psychoanalytic Books, 9, 346-351.

2000
43. Praxis as a radical alternative to scientific frameworks for psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 54, 43-54.
44. Shortcomings of linguistic/logical models in psychotherapy: an ontological critique. Presented May 13 at the Tenth Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Philosophy & Psychiatry, Chicago, IL.
45. Praxis-based versus Technology-based psychotherapy: An initial exploration of differences. Presented August 27 at Florence 2000 Conference: "Madness, Science, and Society", Florence, Italy.

2001
46. Psychotherapy, Biological Psychiatry, and the Nature of Matter: A View from Physics. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 55, 185-201.
47. [Review of Valenstein's book, Blaming the brain.] Psychoanalytic Psychology, 18, 184-187.
48.[Review of S. de Schill's book, Crucial choices, crucial changes.] Internet: address (Mental Health Net*s Book Reviews): mentalhelp/books

2002
49. Psychotherapy as praxis: Abandoning misapplied science. Victoria, B.C.: Trafford.
50. Societal change and societal psychopathology. (Unpublished)
51. The mind-body problem [Letter to the Editor]. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 879-880.

SOURCES AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I am pleased to acknowledge the following sources of the chapter materials, and to thank them for permission to reprint the copyrighted publications in this volume:
Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, International Universities Press [2];
The Journal of Psychiatry & Law, Federal Legal Publications [3];
New Frontiers in Drug Policy; Strategies for Change; Drugs, Medicine, and Health, The Lindesmith Center-Drug Policy Foundation [10, 15, 16];
Compensation and Benefits Management, Aspen Law & Business/Panel Publishers [11];
Medical Interface, Medicom International [13, 14];
Psychoanalytic Books, [18, 19, 21, 22, 27, 28, 34, 37, 38, 39, 42];
Psychoanalytic Psychology, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates [26], and Educational Publishing Foundation (American Psychological Association) [47];
Studies in Psychoanalytic Theory [29];
Newsletter of the Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry [30];
Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology, The Johns Hopkins University Press [32];
American Journal of Psychotherapy, The Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy [36, 43, 46];
The Psychoanalytic Review, The Guilford Press [33].

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE

PART I: FRAMEWORKS 1

1 INNATE CONSTRAINTS 5
2 REPRESENTATION AND CONTENTS 33
3 REPRESENTATION IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 47
4 REDUCTIONISM IN CLINICAL WORK 57
5 GRÜNBAUM'S REDUCTIONS 81
6 NEONATE PARADOXES 97
7 PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE END OF PSYCHOLOGY 117
8 LANGUAGE AND REIFICATION IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 135
9 RADICAL PRAGMATISM 147
10 THEORY AND PRACTICE IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 179
11 PRAXIS AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 187
12 TWO CLASSES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY 205
13 CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF STERN'S THEORY 211
14 HEIDEGGER'S DECONSTRUCTION 219

PART II: PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 223

15 THE "FALSE MEMORY SYNDROME" 227
16 FLAWED THERAPIES 245
17 FISCAL MANAGEMENT 257
18 GRAY'S DEFENSE ANALYSIS 273
19 BARRATT'S POSTMODERNISM 281
20 KOHUT'S LECTURES 291
21 PSYCHOANALYSIS DEFANGED 295
22 GRÜNBAUM'S PSYCHOANALYSIS 303
23 ETHICS IN FORENSIC TESTING 313
24 SCIENTISM IN TESTING 323

PART III: SOCIETY AND CULTURE 327

25 LOVE AND CULTURE 331
26 TRUE BELIEVERS 349
27 MEDICALIZATION 357
28 PSYCHIATRY AND THE BRAIN 371
29 CONSTRUCTING AMERICA - BADLY 377
30 CHANGING AMERICA'S DRUG POLICY 387
31 ON WARS 395

PART IV: GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 401

32 CHANGING PSYCHOLOGY 403
33 VYGOTSKY'S PSYCHOLOGY 407
34 ROBBINS'S PERSONALITY THEORY 415

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Catalogue Information

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