Trafford Publishing: 50 Days of War and Peace or Why Harry Dropped the Atomic Bomb!

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50 Days of War and Peace or Why Harry Dropped the Atomic Bomb!

by Edgar Leo Anderson PhD.

944 pages; quality trade paperback (softcover); catalogue #03-0182; ISBN 1-55395-819-5; US$68.50, C$81.33, EUR56.00, £39.50

All the events that occured around the world during the last 30 days of World War II and the first 20 days of peace -- July 16 to Spetember 3, 1945. Based upon all the actual documents, cables, wires, top secret ULTRA and MAGIC dispatches, court testimonies, communiques, minutes of meetings, Japanese interrogations and intercepts, and the battle reports from all combatants.

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about the book about the author Reviews sample excerpts catalogue info

About the Book

50 Days of War and Peace or Why Harry Dropped the Atomic Bomb! is a two volume book.
Between the moment the atomic bomb was tested on July 16, 1945 (Chapter 1) and the peaceful mass surrender of the 2,500,000 Japanese military servicemen on outlying Pacific Islands on September 3, 1945 (Chapter 50), tens of thousands of people were being killed. Japanese military officers were constantly debating heatedly about surrendering or fighting until the last Japanese died. Each day (50 days-50 chapters) there were constant meetings, and many of them included the presence of Emperor Hirohito. The confrontations are detailed each day, and they led to the killing of a Japanese general and a lieutenant colonel on the Palace grounds by other Japanese officers during the coup d'etat attempt.
Every Battle report and secret intercept discloses the intensity of the air, land , and sea battle each day. They reveal what every combatant nation knew; what they thought they knew; and what they did not know! More than 20,000 Japanese soldiers were killed in Burma during the last 11 weeks, and the location of the individual military units and their commanders are identified in the South-East Asia Command Battle Reports of Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten. Scores of battles continued daily throughout China, including the beginnings of the Chinese civil, the Viet Nam, and the Korean Wars. The invasion of Manchuria on August 9, 1945, is followed each day as 1,000,000 Russians stormed from the West, North, and East to occupy the Manchurian territory and take over 1,000,000 Japanese soldiers and civilians as prisoners.
Detailed are all the naval battles in which the American and British ships were participating when they were crashed by the Kamikazes. The damage and sinking, the sailors who were killed or wounded, and the activities of more than 1,630 ships are revealed from documents released by the archives of the United States Navy. The complete naval battle of Leyte Gulf is detailed ship by ship and shot by shot, and identified are each of the heroic smaller ships who won. The tragic sinking of CA Indianapolis after she delivered the atomic bomb at Tinian. Fly with the planes who were on regular missions, and become aware of the internal activities before and during the dropping of the two atomic bombs by two different B-29's.
Revealed are the minutes of meetings conducted by President Harry Truman which involve the decision to drop the bomb and the subsequent orders to make the drop after Truman left Potsdam. There are more than 1,730 persons in this book, and there are scores of stories about them- some tragic, some humorous, but always interesting. All the activities of the communist spies are revealed from their confessions.
An enlightening research section of 60 pages is FOR YOUR INFORMATION which explains to the reader the difference between military ranks; types of warships and planes; abbreviations used; location of 2,500 cities, towns, and villages in the book; the activities and positions held by the 1,730 persons; and, a great deal of other information.

About the Author

Dr. Edgar Leo Anderson, Ph.D. served in the U.S. Army during World War II. He is the son of Sgt. Gerald Anderson who served in World War II in the U.S. Army. His son, Sgt. Gerald Anderson, served in the U.S. Marines during the Vietnam War.
You can contact the author at: eande55517@earthlink.net

Reviews

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"Dr. Edgar Anderson has written an extraordinary, scholarly contribution to the body of work concerning World War II. His precise, detailed and exhaustive study of the last 30 days of World War II and the first 20 days of peace from multiple perspectives serves to explain to wartime survivors as well as their successors the incredibly complex and convoluted events leading up to the end of the 20th Century's most momentous event. Perhaps more importantly, Dr. Anderson has accomplished this prodigious feat in a clear, readable and understandable fashion that makes either browsing or studying a pleasure."
Captain DALE DYE, U.S. Marine Corps (Ret)
- Author, Actor, Consultant (dkadye@aol.com) Radio Host KFI 640, Los Angeles, California.
- Wrote PLATOON on N.Y. Times best seller list for 6 weeks
(Movie PLATOON Multiple Academy Award Winner 1987)
- Dale Dye published four other books; was an actor and/or consultant on 35 motion pictures and 21 major television programs; plus was a consultant to Universal Studios and Port Chicago Theme Parks, MTV Video, and a series of video games.
- Multi-decorated Vietnam Veteran, including:
Bronze Star for Valor, three Purple Hearts, Meritorious Medal, two Navy Commendation Medals, with Combat Device, and many more.
********************

"Dr. Edgar Anderson has created a book that is factual and true and based upon the actual documents, which have been included in the book. By looking at this book, you will see the hours of time he spent reading official documents."
ROBERT L. SCHOL, Sergeant U.S. Marine Corps
- Vietnam Veteran 1964 - 1974
- Commander:
American Legion Post 826 1999 - 2002
Veterans of Foreign Wars 2000 - 2003

Sample Excerpts

CHAPTER 4
JULY 19, 1945 THURSDAY
COMMUNIQUE: JCS DIRECTIVE
To Nimitz and MacArthur:
CINCPOA has transferred to CINCAFPAC the control of US-held areas in RYUKYUS. In turn, Nimitz retained responsibility for the operations of naval units and installations in this area.
NAVAL OPERATIONS
OKINAWA THEATER
Off OKINAWA, several Kamikazes attacked the pickets. The fatally damaged DD CHARLES J BADGER missed being hit by another suicide place which crashed into BUCKNER Bay. A second Kamikaze hit DD THATCHER which suffered only minor damage.

CENTRAL PACIFIC THEATER
Admiral Halsey wanted continued pressure to be maintained on JAPAN and ordered continuing night-time anti-shipping sweeps. On the night of July 19, R. Adm. Cary Jones's Crusdiv 17, consisting of CLs PASADENA, SPRINGFIELD, WILKES-BARRE, and ASTORIA plus 6 destroyers began sweeping around NOJIMA Zaki, at the end of the peninsula SE of TOKYO. As was the case in TU 34.8.2's sweep of July 14-15 along the N coast on HONSHU, Crusdiv 17 encountered no Japanese ships of opposition. At 2300, Admiral Jones's cruisers and destroyers fired 240 rounds of 6 inch shells into the NOJIMA Zaki station. This was the fourth attack by American and British warships in 6 days. With no reports of damage or visible signs of activity at the Cape, Admiral Halsey moved his ships to the SW of KYUSHU and the INLAND Sea.
TASK GROUP 95.02 OFF OKINAWA
After being warned of the approaching typhoon, on July 17, while on a search-and-sink operation off the CHINA coast, the TG had raced S and was now 230 miles S of OKINAWA. All other ships were under order to leave the OKINAWA area which was now being lashed with winds of over 140 miles per hour. The fleet scattered throughout the PACIFIC Ocean, not wanting to be added to those which were lost in the typhoons of December 1944 and June 1945.
TG 95.02 was fortunate in escaping the center of the raging storm, but its small destroyers were being swamped the 50- to 60-foot waves which often hid the "tin-cans" from view of the crew members on the much larger cruisers. Destroyers would rise on the crest of an enormous wave with their bows completely out of the water. After poising motionless on the top of a wave for a long moment, the would then dive forward, crash onto the surface of the sea with a teeth rattling, bone jarring, violent collision, and disappear into the trough.
Even through typhoons in this area were known to last for as long as a week, the Weather Station reported that the TG could plan on returning to the CHINA coast and its search-and-sink mission on July 21.
ULTRA THIRD FLEET
Retiring towards fueling area. Only Japanese air activity was one plane dropping a bomb. It was thought to be just training exercise.
SS GABILAN DOWNED PILOT RESCUE
The submarine had remained submerged all night and was able to survive without and damage from the shelling and depth charge attacks the TU 35.4. As daylight broke this morning, GABILAN surfaced and rendezvoused with SS RUNNERII172 trading 15 shaken aviators for 2 movies, some canned milk, and a box of flares.
AIR FORCE ACTIVITY
Maj. Gen. L.E. Woods (USMC) reported that his mixed units of Air Forces had destroyed 500 Japanese planes in the OKINAWA area since April 7. The original mission for these units had been the tactical air support of the TENTH ARMY in the capture of OKINAWA, but squadrons of the Wing remained to continue tactical operations against the Empire in conjunction with the vastly increased ARMY AIR FORCES which arrived on OKINAWA in July. General Woods gave credit to the FIFTH AIR FORCE, SEVENTH AIR FORCE, and various VMF, VMF(N), and VMTB squadrons of SECOND MARINE Air Wing.
FEAF
P 38s hit a suicide boat hide out at SANDAKAN while B 25s bombed JESSELTON air base. P 38s spotted ground forces and hit their positions along KIBAWE Trail. B 25s hit ITU ABA. From IWO Jima, 94 P51s of VII FC pounded numerous targets on sweeps over NAGOYA area and hit air fields, factories, railroads, power facilities, and gun positions at locations including KAGAMIGAHARA, NISHINOMIYA, OSAKA, NAGOYA, MIEJI, IZUMI, and TAMBAICHI.
FLEET AIR WING 18
Search aircraft set afire a small coastal cargo vessel in waters S on HONSHU.
SECOND MARINE AIR WING
OKINAWA Before daylight, night fighters destroyed a Japanese plane in the air near TOKUNO Island, bringing to 500 the total number of Japanese aircraft destroyed by them since April 7 when it began operating in the OKINAWA area.

FOURTH MARINE AIR WING
CORSAIRS and AVENGERS attacked installations in the Japanese-held PALAUS with bombs and rockets. HELLDIVERS of this WING struck targets on YAP.
FIFTH AND SEVENTH AIR FORCES
In SE KYUSHU, fighter-bombers bombed and strafed railroad tunnels NW and SW of KAGOSHIMA. These tunnels were sealed skillfully by direct hits. Near MIYAZAKI many water-craft and docks were destroyed, while a 10,000-ton cargo ship was destroyed by 12 direct hits. Night bombers harassed TOMITAKA and BYU airfields.
ARMY P-51 MUSTANG fighters from IWO Jima, while attacking air fields in the NAGOYA-OSAKA area, surprised a small group of Japanese planes in the air and shot down 9. They then made repeated strafing attacks over NISHINOMIYA, KOMAKI, KAMEYAMA, and SUZUKA.
TWENTIETH AF
During the day, 72 B 29s dropped 700 tons of bomb on the AMAGASAKI plant of Nippon Oil Company.
During the night of July 19-20, 27 B-29s laid mines in TOYAMA, NIIGATA, MIYAZU, MAIZURU, TSURUGA, NEZUGASEKI, OBAMA, and KOBE-OSAKA areas and at WONSAN.
600 MARIANAS-based SUPERFORTRESSES hit 5 separate cities (HITACHI, CHOSHI, FUKUI, OKAZAKI, and AMAGASAKI) with more than 3,500 tons of bombs. HITACHI was on the five that had been struck with fire-bombs and within 1 and 2 days after the heavy bombardment by the THIRD FLEET. CHOSHI, 60 miles E of TOYKO on the PACIFIC coast of CHOSHI Peninsula, as a major food processing center for TOYKO, YOKOHAMA, and other cities of the KANTO Plain. It also handles one-eighth of all the fish caught in the nation's waters. The third and fourth cities that were hit with incendiary bomb were FUKUI and OKAZAKI. The first 4 cities had a total population of 327,000. The fifth city, AMAGASAKI, was bombed with demolition type explosives.
The quantity of the THIRD FLEET and TWENTIETH AIR FORCE attacks on HITACHI illustrated the problems and waste of a divided command. Neither the ARMY, NAVY, nor the AIR FORCE command knew what the other was doing, and in this overlapping off attacks, there was a duplication of targets. The individual egos and the persistent personality conflicts of the 3 CINCs, throughout the PACIFIC war, have caused the needless deaths of young men during invasions which were not necessary, and contributed to the needless waste of precious material which was in short supply in other areas.
OTHER MILITARY ACTIVITY - ASIATIC COAST
Heavy, medium and attack bombers of the SEVENTH AIR FORCE penetrated a thick cloud cover to drop over 200 tons on KIANGWAN airfield near SHANGHAI, FIFTH AIR FORCE night patrols started fires in the CANTON industrial area.
SEVENTH FLEET night air patrols destroyed or damaged 27 cargo craft along the coast and sank a freighter-transport off HAINAN Island. During the day, they set storage facilities afire and damaged motor transport near CANTON.
BORNEO AIR
Search planes sand a freighter and left another burning at SAMARINDA and fired a third in the shipyards at BANJARMASIN. Fighters set a fuel barge ablaze and heavily damaged a river boat near SIBU.
BORNEO LAND
Troops of the 7th AUSTRALIAN Division secured SAMBOJA, the oil center 28 miles NE of BALIKPAPAN, and after occupying AMBORAWANG, they pushed on W toward the Japanese's inland escape route to SAMARINDA. Patrols fanning out from PANAJAM have reached the RIKO River and the mouth of the TOENEN River, 15 miles SW of BALIKPAPAN.
BURMA AIR
For the second straight day, SPITFIRES and THUNDERBOLTS supported the ground troops by bombing and strafing Japanese positions E and W of TOUNGOO.
SEAC COMM #565 25 SPITIFRES of the SEAC AIR COMMAND, also attacked troops S of PAAN, N of MOULMEIN; strafed machine gun positions and trenches; and, destroyed and damaged 12 river-craft on the HLAINGBWE and SITTANG Rivers. 12 THUNDERBOLTS bombed troop concentrations SSE of MAWCHI and hit warehouses and other buildings. Another force damaged huts in a Japanese headquarters area SE of MOULMEIN.
SPITFIRES and THUNDERBOLTS concentrated their strikes in the SITTANG Bend Zone, but their total sorties covered a front extending from the HEHO area on the KENG TUNG-SIAM Road to S of MOKPALIN at the mouth of SITTANG.
SEAC COMM #345 8 MOSQUITOS bombed troop concentrations at KAWLUDO and attacked buildings, warehouses, and bashas at PAPUN, NATKYI, and KYAIKTO. 3 MOSQUITOS attacked a Japanese headquarters area NW of THANBYUZAYAT. 33 THUNDERBOLTS continued to support ground forces in the NYAUNGHASHE MOKPALIN MYITKYO KUNZEIK sector and also SW of KYAUKKYI.
BURMA LAND
Two monsoons broke over BURMA and the Japanese continued to pull out of the flood-isolated villages on the W bank of SITTANG River in S BURMA. For 18 hours, the water-logged battlefields were lashed without a moment's break. Potholes became ponds, rivers rose, ditches filled, and jeep track disappeared. Monsoons can tear an aircraft into splinters in a matter of minutes.
One the lower SITTANG River front, Gurkha troops who occupied the LAYA railway were again shelled by the Japanese. MOSQUITOS, THUNDERBOLTS, and SPITFIRES unloaded 42 500-pound bombs on Japanese positions in the lower SITTANG River sector.
SEAC COMM #564 The Japanese still hold the majority of the villages on the W bank of the SITTANG. In this area, Patriot Burmese Forces have been assisting British troops. One party of them killed a number of Japanese who were attempting to cross the SITTANG near NYAUNGKASHE, 25 miles ENE of PEGU. On the section of the main MANDALAY-RANGOON Road between TOUNGOO and PEGU, British forces are daily taking a toll of Japanese stragglers moving E towards the SITTANG.
On the TOUNGOO-MAWCHI road, Gurkhas were held up by Japanese fire while following up an airstrike on Japanese positions E of PALETWA, 17 air miles E of TOUNGOO.
HQ ACSEA WEEKLY INTELLIGENCE No.89
The first signs of a Japanese large-scale attempt to escape from the PEG Yomas were received on July 19. The British base at PADO, 6 miles W of MS (Milestone) 107, was attacked by about 100 Japanese, while the major force moved around the fighting enroute to the SITTANG. N of NYAUNGLEBIN, Japanese reconnaissance continued to determine an escape route from PEGU. In the TOUNGOO area, British artillery lasted elements of the Japanese 54 Divisional Infantry Group on the KABAUNG Chaung after it moved down from the MYOHlA area.
SEAC HEADQUARTERS
The Japanese in this area W of the river were forced to be less active, concentrating their strength, such as it is, around MYITKYO,, the village at the SITTANG Terminus of the PEGU-SITTANG Canal. The Japanese are content for the present to stay where they are, dug-in in and around MYITKYO, 29 miles NE of PEGU, and further S, around NYAUNGKASHE, the village on the PEGU-MARTABAN railway. It is doubtful whether they will get many reinforcements across the river.
The 6,000 Japanese must at some time cross the river from the W to the E. If they stay W of the river, they will surely perish. They are already short of food and clothing and they have no access to reserves of ammunition.
At dawn, 100 Japanese with light machine guns and rifles attacked British troops in the village of PADO, 48 miles N of PEGU. After casualties had been inflicted upon the Japanese, they withdrew. British troops sweeping the area met a party of Japanese and killed 3 officers, 1 warrant officer, 20 Japanese soldiers, and took 1 prisoner.
CHINA AIR FOURTEENTH AF
20 B-25s, 16 P-51s, and 4 P-7s blasted railroad yards at SHIHKIACHWANG. 7 other B25s and 2 P 51s hit bridges S or YOYANG and bombed truck convoys in the SIANG River Valley, particularly around the SIANGTAN area. 37 F/Bs (fighter-bombers) disrupted Japanese movement over wide areas of FRENCH INDO CHINA and S and E CHINA, attacking numerous T/Os.
At ANYANG, B-25s hit railroad bridges and started fires while P-51 fighters scored hits on turntables and locomotives. At SINSIANG, B-25s destroyed or damaged a number of locomotives and railroad cars, and bombed trackage. Bombers destroyed 15 cars, damaged a locomotive and warehouses at KAIFENG. 11 additional locomotives were damaged in the area N of the YELLOW River.

Fighter struck Japanese river shipping near KIUKIANG, SW of HANKOW on the YANGTZE River, damaging a steamer and 15 sampans. E of HANKOW, another 6 barges and 32 junks were damaged, near CHUCHOW, S of CHANGSHA, P 51s hit an additional 35 junks.
Japanese river shipping on the NORTH and WEST Rivers was struck by fighters. On the NORTH River, troop bearing sampans were attacked near KUKONG, N of CANTON, causing many casualties. P 51s destroyed 15 of a concentration of cargo-carrying boats, leaving a 100-foot steamer burning. Attacking LANGTOW, N of TANCHUK, in KWANGSI Province, P-51s destroyed 16 loaded boats.

At LAOHOHOW, P 51s hit ARMY headquarters, causing troop casualties. Between HANKOW and HENGYANG, P-51s destroyed or damaged 50 boats, N of KANSHIEN, at LIANGKOW, in KIANGSI Province, P 51s hit 25 buildings and 8 boats.

EAST INDIES
Heavy bombers and search planes started numerous fires at LIMBUNG airfield in the CELEBES, and wrecked 15 coastal craft along the S coast and in the LESSER SUNDAS. Other air and light naval units bombed and strafed Japanese remnants in the HALMAHERAS.
FRENCH INDO-CHINA
FOURTEENTH AIR FORCE aircraft struck a power plant. Fighters destroyed 20 railroad cars near VINH, and 5 locomotives were damaged. Fighters supporting Chinese ground forces attacked machine-0gun positions at CAOBANG. On the FRENCH INDO-CHINA coast, American THIRTHEENTH AIR FORCE medium unit bombed ITU ABA Island.
NEW GUINEA-BISMARCKS-SOLOMONS
Medium and fighter units of the ROYAL AUSTRALIAN and ROYAL NETHERLANDS INDIES NAVAL AIR FORCES attacked isolated Japanese garrisons and destroyed several barges in NW NEW GUINEA. Other ROYAL NEW ZEALAND and MARINE Air units fire personnel areas at KAVIENG, NEW IRELAND, AND RABAUL, NEW BRITAIN, and bombed points of resistance in support of ground operations.
OKINAWA LAND
During the evening, 3 Kamikaze aircraft crashed into the vicinity of American land facilities, but did only minor damage.

WAR REVIEW BY THE ACTING SECRETARY OF WAR
At a press conference, Thursday, July 19, 1945 EWT:
In FRENCH INDO-CHINA, our planes have attacked Japanese shipping from MONCAY to HAIPHONG along the coast. In CHINA itself, they have been active in destroying the river shipping which supports the Japanese on their lines of interior communication. In addition to strategic missions, the FOURTEENTH AIR FORCE had been flying daily missions in tactical support of the Chinese troops which have made notable progress during the week against enemy forces in the general area of the Japanese corridor.
In BORNEO, the AUSTRALIAN 7th Division based at BALIKPAPAN continues to make progress against the Japanese. Elements are pressing close to the oil center of SAMBOJA, while other units are driving the Japanese back along the main road which runs NE from BALIKPAPAN. The harbor facilities at BALIKPAPAN have been opened for our shipping during the week, and SEPINGGANG air strip, one of the early objectives of this campaign, has been made operational.
Units of the AUSTRALIAN 9th Division in the BURNEI Bay section to the NW have been making accelerate advances, assisted by over-water landing near ANDUS, 5 miles N of KIMANIS on the main road and rail line between BEAUFORT and JESSELTON. Another force, driving inland without opposition from the SERIA and MIRI oil fields, has occupied MARUDI, more than 30 miles from the coast.
On MINDANAO, troops of the 24th Division have made a landing at SARANGANI Bay, just W of the S extremity of the big island. Thorough naval preparation was provided by units of the SEVENTH FLEET, and our troops moved rapidly inland without opposition. On N LUZON, guerrillas have encountered BONTOC, the last provincial capital abandoned by the Japanese remnants.
British forces in BURMA are continuing to encounter stiff resistance from the Japanese in the SITTANG River Bend and more sporadic opposition in sectors N and S of that point. The flooded condition of the terrain at many points during this season makes progress difficult. Local actions and patrol activity continue, with planes giving close support to the Allied troops; bombing Japanese troop positions; villages; and, communications vital to the Japanese in this area.
Latest reports on the situation in CHINA indicate that Chinese troops are now in the suburbs of KWEILIN, the largest of our former FOURTEENTH AIR FORCE bases which we were forced to relinquish last November when the Japanese launched their determined offensive in this area. In their present drive against the Japanese, the Chinese have captured 5 of these former airbase positions, and the possession of a sixth is doubtful at last reports. KWEILIN, which has 3 airfields, would be the seventh of these bases returned to Allied control.
American veteran units back from the European Theater will shortly begin their retraining for combat in the PACIFIC. I should like to emphasize that the War Department's policy is to give these divisions the most thorough and intensive preparation before they meet the Japanese. In addition to routine refresher exercises, the training will concentrate on difference in battle doctrine employed by the Japanese in contrast to the Germans. Veterans of the PACIFIC campaigns have been brought back for the specific purpose of giving instructions in lessons they have learned in the hard school of experience.
The Japanese is a different fighter from the German, and terrain in the PACIFIC Theater often requires tactics sharply divergent from those which won us success in EUROPE. For example, there is less long-range artillery work and sweeping tank operation in the PACIFIC. The flame-thrower and the bull-dozer tank receive more emphasis, because of their effectiveness against the deep defenses of the enemy. Amphibious assault is also stressed, as a necessary preliminary to contact with the Japanese ground forces.
In addition to this practical type of demonstration, the training stresses lessons of teamwork which are so important to victory. During the redeployment process, many veterans of European action have been discharged under the point system. Others have been transferred to occupation forces in GERMANY and AUSTRIA. When units embark for the PACIFIC there will be many new faces in the ranks. But through this training program, they will go prepared specifically for the task they face in the final campaigns of the war.
In EUROPE this week, an event of historical significance took place with the dissolution of Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force. This headquarters was established on February 13, 1944, for a single purpose: the utter defeat of GERMANY's military power. The mission was accomplished on May 8, 1945, with the final cessation of hostilities and the surrender of all the German military, naval, and air forces. During the 15 months of warfare, from the formation of SHAEF until the German surrender, this headquarters, commanded by General Eisenhower, directed the most powerful combination of military forces in the world's history.

POTSDAM
After breakfast and his brisk walk in the early morning German air, Harry Truman made one of his frequent visits to the Map Room. After viewing the military activities in the FAR EAST, he was handed the latest casualty report. His aides in the Room presented it after the President had been briefed on the total war situation. The report stated:
U.S. ARMY casualties as reported through July 14, 1945, are as follows: Killed, 194,447; wounded, 586,976; missing, 35,303; prisoners 117,716; a total of 917, 442. Of the wounded, 348, 196 have returned to duty. Of the prisoners, 94, 742 have been officially listed as exchanged, or returned to military control.
The casualty report from General MacArthur for the previous week stated 4,879 counted Japanese dead and 608 captured. American casualties for the same period were 62 killed, 195 wounded, and 1 missing. A total American ARMY casualty figure of 59,656 for the PHILIPPINE campaign from October 17, 1944 through July 7, 1945 included 12,035 Americans who were killed; 46, 425 wounded, and 1,196 were missing.
The latest recapitulation of the UNITED STATES ARMY casualties during the OKINAWA Campaign through July 7 states: killed 3,761; wounded 14,415; missing 236. These figures include only ARMY casualties, and do not include NAVY or MARINES.

The President looked at the numbers on the sheet and wondered how much these figures would increase before the end of the Japanese war, and more specifically, how much during the invasion of JAPAN.

THIRD POTSDAM MEETING
At the third session of the conference, the 3 leaders discussed, almost heatedly, the disposition of the German Fleet. Truman wanted to use all of the merchant ships to haul war material to the Japanese war front before dividing the ships 3 ways. "We will need every bomb and every tom of food." The other two members desired to divide them immediately.
Stalin expressed his desire to divide the submarines, but he would keep those currently under his control because they were "not in good operating condition." Churchill objected by stating that an inspection of each and every U-boat should be made to determine its seaworthiness before a division was made. Churchill continued, "All we want is reciprocity."
It was already known that in the Russian zone of GERMANY, the Russians had already stripped every manufacturing plant of its machinery and materials. This "booty" was sitting on flat cars waiting to be transported to the SOVIET UNION.
When the subject of General Franco's SPAIN arose, Churchill said that he did not want to disturb the peaceful trade relations between ENGLAND and SPAIN. Truman stated that even though he had a "strong distaste" for Franco, he did not want to become involved in another European war. The president became impatient with the haggling and stated that the ministers could study and report on the disposition of the ships. He told them frankly that he did not come to waste his time listening to grievances. If they didn't want to settle the main issues, he said he was going to pack up and go home. Stalin burst into a roaring laugh and said he didn't blame the Americ